French Revolution Essay - 2188 Words

France was a nation ruled by an absolute monarch who had power beyond the grasp of any peasant, and just out of the reach of the aristocracy. King Louis XIV (1774 - 1791) of France was not willing to give up his monopoly that had existed for seventeen years. It was the perfect situation for his absolute government, and may have remained that way if he had been able to manage France’s finances successfully. More money had been spent on roads canals and wars then were being collected through taxes. In addition the government lost control over the bourgeois class. The bourgeois (working class merchants) gained control by using the disorganized peasant class, members of the Third Estate, who presented their grievances in cahiers to the†¦show more content†¦It is impossible for a government to run a nation without a healthy economy. Expenses were set down in March of 1788 at 629,000,000 livres and revenues at 503,000,000, leaving a deficit of 126,000,000, or 20 pe r cent of expenses. It was proposed that the difference should be made up by borrowing, but this action only paid off older loans and had no positive effect on the economy of France. The answer to this problem was to increase old taxes and introduce new ones. Louis XVI tried to decree new taxes to ease financial strain but parliament refused; Louis did not have the power to institute new taxes. Needing funds to carry out the day to day activities of France, King Louis XVI’s minister of finance, Jacques Necker, was called upon to solve the problem. He informed Louis XVI to call the Estates General to assembly in hopes that it would agree to an increase in taxation in return for limited royal reforms. This meeting was the last method Louis XVI had at his disposal to refill the treasury and when it failed, the absolute government he had grown accustomed to was in danger of becoming extinct. The Aristocracy maintained great power in the government when they refused to re linquish their privilege of paying a minimal amount in taxes. The government needed this money to help stabilize the dwindling economic conditions. They called a meeting of Notables to try to persuade the aristocracy to help the FrenchShow MoreRelatedThe French Revolution And The Revolution1523 Words   |  7 PagesThe French Revolution was a time rife with violence, with many revolutionaries using extreme actions to overturn the French Monarchy and create a government based on equality and justice, rather than tyranny and despotism. This violence reached gruesome and terrible heights throughout the revolution, but was justified by the revolutionaries, who believed that their goals of total equality, the end of tyranny, and the return to a virtuous society, allowed them to use means necessary to attain theseRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1336 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis The French Revolution was such an important time history. Not only was it a massacre with many lives being lost, including that of Queen Marie Antoinette and her husband King Louis XVI, it was also a time of great political turmoil which would turn man against man that being the case of Edmond Burke and Thomas Paine. Edmond Burke a traditionalist who believed the people should be loyal to the king against his former friend, Thomas Paine a free thinker who believed in order for things toRead MoreThe Revolution Of The French Revolution1040 Words   |  5 PagesWhile there were political and social causes of The French Revolution the most important cause was actually economic. A few years before the French’s revolution the French spent approximately 1.3 billion livres, 13 billion dollars, on the American Revolution. This gracious contribution caused trouble at home. The French Revolution was one of the most important events in history. While it changed the social structure in France it also affected many different countries across the world. â€Å"the treeRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1640 Words   |  7 Pages The French Revolution is often seen as one of the most influential and significant events in world history (Voices 9). The surge of rebellion present in those against the old regime, or Ancien Rà ©gime, inspired reformers for generations to come. Nevertheless, the French Revolution would not have occurred without the aid of the Enlightenment Thinkers, or Philosophà ©s. These Philosophà ©s’ ideas sparked the French Revolution. Prior to the French Revolution, France was radically different. It was theRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1321 Words   |  6 Pages The French Revolution The French Revolution was an iconic piece of history that help shape the world. It was a time were great battles occurred. Blood sheds happen almost every day. The streets were red by the blood of bodies that were dragged from being beheaded. The economy was in bad shape. But before all of this the French had a few goals but there was one goal that they all wanted and that was to get rid of the monarchy. This idea did not arrive out of nowhere, the commoners were influenceRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1223 Words   |  5 Pages French Revolution As the Enlightenment began in the middle of the 17th century, people began to use reason rather than stick to tradition. New Enlightenment ideas spread throughout Europe such as ideas on government. Enlightenment thinkers such as Rousenan believed that the best government was one formed with the general consent of the people. Other Enlightenment thinkers such as Voltaire and Montesquieu believed in freedom of speech and a separation of power within the government. All of theseRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1221 Words   |  5 PagesWhen people think of the French Revolution, they immediately think of the country of France and how the Revolution affected it. What most people do not think about however, is how the Revolution affected other countries, specifically the country of England. England was affected positively and negatively by the Revolution in that there was an increase of political involvement, but there was a collapse in the economy due to war declared by France. The French Revolution created a battle of conflictingRead MoreRevolutions And The French Revolution956 Words   |  4 Pages Revolutions are a common occurrence throughout world history. With the amount of revolutions in history, there are those that get lost and those that are the most remembered or well known. One of the well known revolutions is the French Revolution which occurred in the years 1789 to 1799. Before the French Revolution, France was ruled by an absolute monarchy, this meaning that one ruler had the supreme authority and that said authority was not restricted by any written laws, legislature, or customsRead MoreThe Revolution Of The French Revolution1636 Words   |  7 Pageswas an old fortress that had served as a royal prison and in which gunpowder was stored. This will be the place where Parisian crowds will lay siege on and use the gunpowder for their weapons, and this will become a great turning point in the French Revolution. 3) The Great Fear was the vast movement that the peasant insurgency of sacking nobles’ castles and burning documents would blend into. This attack was mainly because of seigneurial dues and church tithes that weighed heavily on many peasantsRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1180 Words   |  5 PagesLooking at the historical timeline, one can see that the French Revolution derived after the Enlightenment, which brought different ways of thinking, and different outlooks on government and society (553),(555),(558). The Enlightenment also changed the world of public debate, and established some ideas central to the French Revolution. The French Revolution of 1789 occurred due to government debt, class conflict, bankruptcy, the Enlightenment, and the rule of absolutism. These social, economic, and

The Effects Of Aerobic Exercise On The Health Endurance

Dr. Kenneth Cooper is mostly known as the father of aerobic fitness. Aerobic exercise is any physical activity intended to strengthen the heart and lungs. Aerobic exercise is the most significant type of exercise because its main advantage is protection from cardiovascular disease. Cooper emphasizes on how to improve the cardiovascular system with his knowledge and study of aerobics. Aerobic exercise has many benefits towards one’s health by keeping weight off, increasing stamina and it lowers many health risks. Dr. Kenneth Cooper was in the air force for thirteen years. Although, in 1970 he resigned in order to follow his dream in opening an aerobics center. Cooper began studying the effects of physical activity on the health endurance. In 1968, Dr. Cooper came up with a significant word that is still popular till this day which is called aerobics. One of the reasons he chose the word aerobics was to come up with new and improved exercise programs to improve a healthier heart . For example, in â€Å"Starting Strong, Finishing Strong† the author explains, â€Å"I embrace the importance of maintaining proper weight, proper nutrition, proper exercise, and proper supplementation. My motivation to exercise is quality of life† (Perry 57). This indicates how Dr. Kenneth Cooper is all about refining human’s capability and emphasizes on how to improve the human cardiovascular system. One of the ways to improve your cardiovascular system is by exercising and participating in aerobic fitnessShow MoreRelatedThe Importance or Exercising Regularly832 Words   |  3 PagesOur physical health and wellness is greatly effected by the various behaviors and decisions we make as human beings. In order to maintain physical health, we need to accomplish the numerous goals we set for ourselves. Physical health is so important to us because it effects all of the other dimensions of wellness severely. Physical health has various benefits that could be ver y harmful if one does not exercise regularly. For example, exercising regularly can reduce the risk of CardiovascularRead MoreThe Importance of Oxygen when Exercising739 Words   |  3 Pageslife, and when it comes to exercise, your muscles cant function without it. Oxygen delivery and its uptake by your muscles is essential, because it can effect the quality of your workout. (See References 1) Aerobic exercise doesnt just help you control your weight and make you feel better, it can also improve your cardiovascular and respiratory system, promoting blood flow and delivery of oxygen to your muscle. (See References 2) What Happens During Aerobics Aerobics require your body to performRead MoreThe Fitness Components Of Futsal1748 Words   |  7 Pagesdesired fitness component to be refined. Fitness Components: Within sport, there are 10 fitness components that enable us to perform. They fall under two headings; Health-related components and Skill-related components. The health related components of physical fitness are cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition. The skill-related components of physical fitness are power/speed which are closely related, agility, coordination, balance, andRead MoreEssay on Health Related Exercise Programme1112 Words   |  5 PagesHealth Related Exercise Programme The objective of every training lesson is to improve my performance. Each session needs to be well planned to improve my fitness. The sport, which I have decided to improve for health and fitness, is Netball the position that I play is as Goal-defender. Training must include: warm up and warm down, practicing skills and various fitness activities linked to netball. This training is an example of Interval training, as I have to developRead MoreParkinson s Disease : The Second Most Common Neurodegenerative Disorder1495 Words   |  6 Pagesbarely trumps Parkinson’s by a small margin. The first article studied the effectiveness of two different exercise programs against a home-based control group with people in the early to mid stages of Parkinson’s. The study was a randomized control trial and lasted for 16 months and compared: flexibility/balance/function exercises (FBF), supervised aerobic exercises (AE), and home-based exercises (control). The primary outcomes focused on physical function, balance, and walking economy. A few secondaryRead More The Health Benefits of Exercise Essay1659 Words   |  7 PagesExercise is one of the most important factors in a persons’ life. Physical activity, or the lack of it, can result in a person having a healthy life or cause them to have diabetes. The benefits of exercise are countless. The positive health results, the improvement in attitude, even better academic performance are all factors which make not exercising inexcusable. Merely not using a person’s body is harmful. Not being active results in a person’s muscles becoming weak and out of condition. TheRead MoreThe Benefits of Strength Training1449 Words   |  6 Pagesin producing increased strength (Gabriel, Kamen Frost, 2006, p. 136). When an individual performs specific exercises repeatedly the motor units that control the activated muscles learn to activate in a simultaneous pattern, increasing strength. This can lead to intermuscular coordination allowing muscles to distribute motor unit activation among the muscles involved in particular exercises. Changes in the capability to distribute muscle activation may be due to the ability to voluntarily activateRead MorePhysical And Emotional Benefits Of Physical Activity1222 Words   |  5 PagesDespite the physical and emotional benefits of moderate physical activity, most Americans are not getting enough exercise to sustain healthy behavior and reduce their risks of illness. A lack o f physical activity has been shown to be a risk factor for several conditions. Less active people tend to have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, as well as feelings of anxiety and depression (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2015). Studies have shown the physically inactive people haveRead MoreWhy do you think it is important to set fitness goals for yourself and strive towards a high level1300 Words   |  6 Pagesin a well-balanced condition by being both physically fit and healthy. 2. In what ways were you successful or unsuccessful in your program to increase your level of fitness? (Please select several specific fitness test results and overall areas of health related fitness in answering this question) --When I participated in my fitness goal program, I found that my running improved immensely. In my first beep test, I got a score of 8.0. In the following beep tests, my results were steadily increasingRead MorePhysical Fitness and Mental Wellbeing Essay1449 Words   |  6 Pagesevery day the body goes through some type of Physical Fitness? Well it does, in fact it’s a natural achievement without facing much of prostration. Mental wellbeing is a basic factor for living a good life, a complex angle of the overall state of health. To be accurate, self-esteem and life’s pleasure are conductive state of mind that commit to having a mentally healthy approaching towards others. Research has shown that the level of our physical activity can have a direct and very influential impact

Solution To Solve The Plastic Waste Problems Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

The intent of this undertaking is to supply a executable solution to work out the fictile waste jobs and assist occupants in the Mekong Delta countries to better the conveyance substructure. Specifically, this undertaking is aimed to utilize fictile waste as an alternate building stuff for constructing roads in the Mekong Delta countries. The modified-plastic route is designed to run into specific demands that were set to do certain the route would be suited for the local environment and have an economic public presentation. We will write a custom essay sample on Solution To Solve The Plastic Waste Problems Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this undertaking, Group F chose fictile waste as the mark. It is because fictile waste such as plastic bags and plastic bottles is non-biodegradable in the natural environment. As a chief pollution, fictile waste is harmful to the environment. Maltreatment of plastic and deficiency of recovery has resulted in many environmental jobs. Besides, recycling plastic waste is non popular in Vietnam which is a immense squander. Based on this information, Group F decided to happen a feasible manner for recycling fictile waste. The usage of fictile waste in route building is an environment-friendly engineering. â€Å" In recent old ages, applications of plastic wastes have been considered in route building with great involvement in many developing states. â€Å" [ 1 ] This sort of engineering has become progressively popular around the universe. In legion states, particularly in developing states, the conveyance and logistics systems are under high strain from additions in population and trade. So does in Vietnam. Thus, bettering the substructure in the Mekong Delta countries is besides really of import. Hence utilizing modified fictile waste to construct roads is an effectual method to work out these jobs. Using fictile waste in route building can be a good solution. Harmonizing to several field trials, â€Å" the plastic wastes used after proper processing as an additive would heighten the life of the roads and besides work out environmental jobs. † [ 2 ] It follows that utilizing fictile waste i n route building is a feasible solution to equilibrate the environment and development. Implementing this undertaking can both increase the recovery rate of plastic wastes and better the populating criterion in Vietnam, particularly in the Mekong Delta. The aims of the undertaking were to assist the local people cut down the plastic waste, work out the traffic jobs, and increase the sustainable development. This paper provides background information and describes the methods and tools used to construct a route from plastic wastes. As good, the paper provides the processing strategies for the plastic wastes and shows a route theoretical account made from fictile waste. The feasibleness and economic efficiency of the design is besides discussed in this paper. The recommendations and future work are provided in the concluding parts. Background: In this subdivision of the study, background information refering the undertaking will be provided. Vietnam and Mekong Delta Socialist Republic of Vietnam which is called Vietnam for short is a Southeasterly Asiatic state and locates on the Indochina peninsula. â€Å" Vietnam covers a entire country of 331,210aa‚ ¬A? . [ 3 ] And has a population of 87,840,000 in the twelvemonth of 2011. [ 4 ] In recent old ages, Vietnam ‘s economic system has made a batch betterment. After the economic reforms, this state has become one of the universe ‘s fastest turning economic systems. Harmonizing to an economic statistic, â€Å" Vietnam ‘s one-year GDP growing rate is 8 % between 1990 to 1997 and about 7 % from 2000 to 2005. † [ 5 ] In malice of crisp velocity development, Vietnam is confronting several jobs such as pollution, lodging deficit, out-of-date substructure and so on. Mekong Delta is one of the illustrations. Harmonizing to the AusAid study, the â€Å" Mekong Delta is celebrated as the â€Å" rice bowl † of Vietnam it contributes up to 90 % of the state ‘s rice exports. † [ 6 ] In recent old ages, the economic system has been improved significantly ; nevertheless, there are still tonss of jobs to work out. As mentioned before, Mekong Delta is besides confronting the same challenges as the whole state. Now, pollution is a serious job. Waste such as chemicals, human wastes, effluent and plastic wastes has harmed the local environment and people ‘s wellness. Additionally, with the growing of population and economic system, out-of-date substructure can non fulfill people ‘s demand. The traffic system in the Mekong Delta is under utmost emphasis. It is necessary for the native abodes find a manner to work out these two jobs. As one unit of the international assistance undertakings, the AusAID besides realized this issue. There is a transit betterment undertaking to assist the Mekong Delta to better the conveyance substructure. This undertaking has an estimated entire cost of US $ 306 million with programs to upgrade 325km of roads through this undertaking. [ 7 ] Technology used in the undertaking Presents, plastic merchandises are about everyplace. As a inexpensive and effectual stuff, plastic is widely used both for agribusiness and industry. Using fictile merchandises increased people ‘s life criterions. However, this convenient stuff is non environment friendly. The most important ground is most of the plastics are non-biodegradable. They can last for a long clip in the geological environment. In add-on, the traditional intervention for fictile waste such as landfill and incineration is a threaten for people ‘s wellness and the environment. How to cover with fictile waste is a challenge for sustainable development. Recycling is a good manner of work outing the job. Scientists and applied scientists have developed a new attack to alter the waste into roads. Using plastic in route building is non new. For a long clip, people use PVC or HDPE to fabricate pipes in route building. However, utilizing fictile waste as natural stuff for route building is a different technique but surveies have shown this technique has great possible and can convey many benefits. An initial survey that conducted in 1997 to prove for strength and lastingness of roads from fictile wastes proved that â€Å" the lastingness of roads laid with fictile waste mix is found to be better than the conventional 1s. † [ 2 ] The overall procedure of edifice plastic waste roads includes two parts, explicitly the first portion is â€Å" readying which includes segregation, cleansing, shredding, and aggregation. The 2nd portion is field test † . [ 8 ] At foremost, the fictile waste such as bags and bottles are separated and cleaned. Then, the plastic wastes are shredded into little pieces or pulverize signifier. After roll uping, the on-size plastic waste pulverization will be added into the hot sum which is kept at 170AA °C. After the chopped plastic waste are aa‚ ¬Aâ€Å"softened and coated over the sum, aa‚ ¬A? [ 8 ] the hot bitumen is added and should be good assorted. Then, this hot mixture is ready for being laid on the route. The laying procedure is similar to the manner pitch roads are laid. This engineering has many advantages. The usage of plastic waste for route building can non merely cut down the demand for bitumen and increase the strength and public presentation of the roads, but besides protect the environment every bit good as create extra employment chances. Besides, utilizing fictile waste for route building can cut down the demand of bitumen and besides cut down the cost of puting the roads. Literature Review How to cite Solution To Solve The Plastic Waste Problems Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

Stricter Sentencing Sees Prison Numbers Soar-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Stricter Sentencing See Prison Numbers Soar? Answer: Introducation Carter (2015) reports about the ineffectiveness of short prison terms for first time offenders in Australia. Using a convincing language, the author cites a research by the New South Wales Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research ( BOCSAR) which noted that the increasing number of prisoners in Australia is as a result of these constant violations. The purpose of this artilce is to provide evidence of the ineffectiveness of the short prison sentence in correcting offenders. The context of the article is within Australia as a whole although states differ in sentencing procedures (Evershed, 2014). Placing an emphasis on effective justice, it discusses this notion in the context of the BOCSAR findings. The author supports reforms in the sentences as a solution for the increasing population of prisoners. Sentences in Australia are too short. Questions about the effectiveness of this kind of justice arise because chances of the convicts going back to the violation is high. This perspective highlights the cost, benefit analysis of the imprisonment approach. The article analyses the cost of maintaining a prisoner on a daily basis as more expensive because it fails to match up to its returns. From the authors perspective, spending $260 per day on a prisoner is a waste if there is no character change in the offender. Other reports also note the high number of short-term imprisonments in Australian state (Landy, 2015). The author terms this process a wastage of resources and time because small offenders like drug addicts, and alcoholics become hardened and worse criminals. Digital Video Rubinsztein-Dunlop, S. (2014, July 2). Stricter sentencing sees prison numbers soar. abac.net. Australia. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://www.abc.net.au/7.30/content/2014/s4053054.htm Rubinsztein-Dunlop (2014) reports that there are more prisoners in jail because of the new trends in crime and punishment modules. The video discussion shows that Australias high crime rate is the reason for the increasing rates of imprisonment. It agrees that this is an expensive but neccessary operation. The article involves different particpants for a wider perspective on the topic. Among them is the supreme court Judge who points out that there are effective ways of mitigating the consequences of crime in society. Its conversational style documents a number of ideas in a subtle, affirmative language. The question and answer approach clarifies a number of issues such as alternative plans to counter the congestion effects. It gives the perspective from different regions in Austalia such as Victoria and Malbourne. Experiences in these states provide conlcusive remarks about the overall national prison conditions. It supports other research findings by the government, which indicate that 83% of offenders commit the most common offences namely, sexual assault, unlawful entry, drugs, homicide, and robbery as well as extortion (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2011). The discussion also includes inmates as part of the conversation and they give an account of prison life and its effect on them as persons. Despite the fact that taxpayers spend millions on some prisoners, they keep going back because of the exposure to hradcore criminals in prison. The discussion also includes new reform ideas like constructing prison cells and using costeffective approaches to dealing with non violent offenders (Davis, 2011) Evidently, we all crave for justice. Prison institutions feel that putting people behind bars shapes them into better persons thereby reducing the crime rate. However, prisoners find solace in the company of fellow prisoners hence they harden their skin. The result is an increase in the population rate of prisoners. This comes with high cost of maintaining them in jail. This raises questions about alternative solutions as effective ways to curb common crime rates. The increase in population despite the introduction of corrective measures shows cracks in the justice system. A discussion with the drug related offenders reveals the ineffectiveness of prison sentences in reducing this crime rate. Why do short-term offenders prefer to go back to prison despite its harsh conditions? Different opinions agree that it costs taxpayers money to maintain prisoners. Researchers reveal shocking statistics about most prisoner being second time offenders. As a result, organizations such as Families Against Mandatory Minimums (2013) have come up with fresh ideas on how to deal with frequent offenders. Among the suggestion is the use of different sentencing options, surpression of the crime through rewards for reformed prisoners and community service. These are less costly and may prove more effective in curbing the crime rates. References Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2011, August 12). 4517- Prisoners in Australia, 2011. Retrieved from abs.gov.au: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/B1BDF0A59F16AB85CA25795F000DB327?opendocument Carter, L. (2015, December 2). Short prison sentences 'as effective' a deterrent as suspended senteces: report. ABC News. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-12-02/first-time-offenders-no-more-likely-to-offend2c-says-report/6995260 Davis, A. (2011). Are prisons obsolete? Seven Stories Press. Evershed, N. (2014, August 2). Sentencing criminals: how Australias states and territories compare. The Guardian. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2014/aug/12/sentencing-criminals-how-australias-states-and-territories-compare Families Against Mandatory Minimums. (2013). Alternatives to incarceration in a nutshell. Washington: FAMM. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://famm.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/FS-Alternatives-in-a-Nutshell-7.8.pdf Landy, S. (2015, May 14). Convicted murderer jailed for just nine years in Victoria, sentencing statistics Show. Herald Sun. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/law-order/convicted-murderer-jailed-for-just-nine-years-in-victoria-sentencing-statistics-show/news-story/aa6aa3bd0cfd9a7ed77f6a72e7961c59 Rubinsztein-Dunlop, S. (2014, July 2). Stricter sentencing sees prison numbers soar. abac.net. Australia. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from https://www.abc.net.au/7.30/content/2014/s4053054.htm

Personality Development

Personality refers to the long lasting traits in an individual. Generally, people tend to evaluate the personalities of human beings around them on a daily basis; this happens consciously or unconsciously.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Personality Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The difference between psychologists and other individuals, however, is that, whereas we appraise personality informally and focus more on individuals, psychologists employ the usage of personality conceptualizations that possibly applies to all persons. This explains the development of various theories. Fundamentally, personality may be defined as that which comprises behavioral and trait aspects that tend to distinguish one person from the rest. Therefore, the argument here is that personality comes from within an individual and remains unswerving even as he/she ages. Generally, there are four basic tenets of personality including Consistency; Psychological construction; Impact Behaviors and Actions, and Multiple Expressions. Personality does influence how people take action to their setting or stimuli, and causes individuals to do or behave in an exacting mode. Multiple expressions on the other hand provide the understanding that the expression of personality does not just occur in behavior, but also in how people think, feel and in their associations with others, as well as in day-to-day interactions. Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual Theory According to Freud’s theory of Psychoanalytic development, a person’s personality appears within the first six years and remains more or less the same over the years. This theory is grounded on the fact that personality and behavior is unconscious and draws back from childhood and sexuality, an aspect he called fixation. He proposes that a child undergoes five stages of human development within the formative years (Friedman Schustack, 2008). F reud imagined that sexuality begins when one is very young and goes through what he referred to as fixation. His basic argument is that if these stages are not successfully accomplished and done away with, then people tend to unconsciously maintain them and discharge them later in life as psychological defense mechanisms, so that they unconsciously eliminate anxiety associated with the conflict in abandoning such stages (Allen, 2006). For instance, oral fixation can have a number of effects, one of them being oral aggressive personality, where one becomes unreasonably aggressive, and antagonistic to the extent of getting to vocally abuse others. Perhaps, this explains why Tina Turner occasionally hauls insults at others. On the other hand, anal fixation brought about by stringent punishment when children undergo toilet training can have a number of effects including ‘The Anal Retentive Personality’.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can he lp you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More People who have this sort of personality tend to be very tidy and stubborn, and they tirelessly value perfection (Friedman Schustack, 2008). Again, perhaps this is the reason Tina Turner has great impatience to non-performers in the music industry and always values fashion and great dress sense; indeed, this may be the reason she ventured on her own. Besides, it could well explain why she is very energetic during her performances on stage. Eriksson’s Eight Stages of Human Development Erik Eriksson, in psychodynamic Theory, presents eight stages of human development. The striking thing about this theory is the belief that when one does not fully go or successfully experience a particular stage, then such stage will reoccur later in life, or will define unfulfilment in the latter stages (Friedman Schustack, 2008). Accordingly, kids are usually borne with unique temperaments and basic capabilities. Generally, people undergo a number of changes in the process of growing into adulthood and aging. Eriksson’s each of the stages of human development reckons that the entire psychological predicament associated with each of the stages must be successfully resolved before one takes into the next stage (Friedman Schustack, 2008). For instance, stage three in Eriksson’s theory, which is ‘’Early Childhood’’ stipulated between ages 2 to 6 and described as ‘’Initiative Versus Guilt’’, can give us a prelude to Tina Turner’s personality and behavior. According to Eriksson, at this stage, children usually had mastered ‘motor skills’ and therefore they increasingly participate in social interaction. The challenge for children at this stage is that it is imperative for them to strike a balance in their quest for adventure with responsibility. If this stage is handled well, then children acquire the thinking that some things are wrong to do while also feeling no shame in engaging in independent roles. This perception could be one of the reasons Tina Turner has been very independent to even moving mountains in her musical and acting career path. Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory This theory posits that human beings learn through three key ways: Observation, Imitation, and Modeling. Bandura notes that people acquire behavior and attitudes by observing how others’ attitudes impact on such behaviors (Cited in Friedman Schustack, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Personality Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The ground is that one forms the idea of behavior and therefore acquires personality through modeling and imitation. Therefore, this theory tends to explain personality and behavior in terms of cognition, behavioral interaction, and environmental influences. Bandura summarizes personality as form ed because of interaction between behavior, the environment and psychological processes such as cognitive abilities (Cited in Cloninger, 2008). His theory brings in, the aspect of cognition and defines it as the individualized worldview; it is a way by which individuals order the world around them (Friedman Schustack, 2008). Arguably, perhaps this theory, because of its holistic nature provides a balanced conceptual scheme within which to situate Tina Turner’s personality. That she must have learnt many things in her life and career processes and used her cognition to adapt along. Summery of Tina Turners Biography, in relation to the aforementioned above Theories Tina Turner, originally Anna Mae Bullock, has been in the music business for about fifty years, and been very commercially successful even to this day in rock music. She has a powerful voice and energetic on stage besides being incredibly attractive, factors which have contributed immensely to her fame (Anonymous, 2 011). Having been born to a family in the segregated South of America, Tina Turner and her siblings were deserted by their parents, forcing her to live with her grandmother. It was after her grandmother’s death that she moved to St. Louis where she re-united with her biological mother. It was this that opened the break to be in nightclubs of Rhythm and Blues, and it was in one of those escapades that she displayed her talent for performing on stage upon being invited by Ike Turner and his Kings of Rhythm in 1956. She subsequently changed her career dreams and her name soon changed to Tina Turner from Anna Mae Bullock, when her hit song, a fool in love, gained fame. She was later married to Ike Turner in Mexico; however, after a number of musical successes where Tina proved domineering, Ike, a wife beater, became so violent forcing Tina to attempt unsuccessful suicide, and eventually moving out of the marriage (Anonymous, 2011). Her domineering spirit might correspond to what may have happened during Sigmund Freud’s phallic stage.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It was then after when she was 40, that she suffered low and devastating experiences in her career and would just perform in hotel Ballrooms and Super Clubs. However, she has since said this was perhaps the best time of her career because she was able to ‘’put her shows together and execute them herself’’ (Anonymous, 2011). This development presents her as an independent person, a trait that corresponds to Erickson’s third stage of human development. However, her explanation for having dropped in terms of fame and moneymaking is a defense mechanism and can fall in the category Freud calls Rationalization. That, she did not contest for a divorce settlement from Ike, even though she was in big debt having failed a number of promoters and fled the group Revue, brings her out as a forging person, while repression as a defense mechanism comes into play. She did later, in 1980, having featured in Olivia Newton-John Hollywood Nights TV, impressed upon Newt on-John’s management to bring her onboard. The explanation here psychologically is that she must have learnt from her previous mistakes and therefore the model of Social Learning comes in handy. It was after this that her profile took a higher note upward rise, and her performances with Red Stewart and the Rolling Stones introduced her to rock market, which she had dreamt of pursuing. Later, she was to release a number of albums and singles, which were great hits and sold millions in America, Europe and the rest of the world. It was based on this that she received notable awards and increased her fame. In deed after this time, her successes had even been all the time enormous and have been an actress in a number of movies including ‘Mad Max beyond Thunderstorms’ in 1995. Here, she received the highest accolade in American Artistry by receiving the Kennedy Centre Honors; thus, ‘’Tina Tuner is the undisputed King of Rock’’ (Anonymous, 201 1) Conclusion Psychological Models and theories have been used over time and are important in evaluating and attributing behavior and personality. For Tina Turner, there seems to be no specific model that summarizes her personality. Instead, a number of models apply to Tina Turner. References Allen, B. (2006). Personality Theories: Development, Growth, and Diversity. Boston: Pearson/Allyn Bacon. Anonymous. (2011). Mini Biography: Tina Turner. Retrieved from https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0877913/bio. Cloninger, S. (2008). Theories of Personality: Understanding Persons. NJ: Prentice Hall. Friedman, H., Schustack, M. (2001). Personality: Classic Theories and Modern Research. Boston: Allyn Bacon. This essay on Personality Development was written and submitted by user Dixie Mccullough to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Atticus Finch Biography

Atticus Finch Biography Atticus Finch is one of the greatest fictional figures in American literature. Both in the book and in the film, Atticus stands larger-than-life, bold-and-courageous against the falsehood and injustice. He risks his life and his career (seemingly without care), as he defends a black man against charges of rape (which were based on lies, fear, and ignorance). Where Atticus Appears (and Inspiration for This Character): Atticus first appears in Harper Lees only novel, ​​To Kill a Mockingbird. He is said to have been based on Lees own father,  Amasa Lee, (which puts a possible autobiographical slant to this famous novel). Amasa held a number of positions (including a bookkeeper and financial manager)he also practiced law in Monroe County, and his writing explored race-relations topics. When he prepared for the role of Atticus Finch in the film version,  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Gregory Peck went to Alabama and met Lees father. (He appears to have died in 1962, the same year the Academy-Award-winning film was released). His Relationships During the course of the novel, we discover that his wife died, though we never find out how she died. Her death has left a gaping hole in the family, which has been (at least partially) filled by their housekeeper/cook (Calpurnia, a stern disciplinarian). There is no mention of Atticus in relation to other women in the novel, which seems to suggest that he is focused on doing his job (making a difference, and pursuing justice), while he raises his children, Jem (Jeremy Atticus Finch) and Scout (Jean Louise Finch). His Career   Atticus is a Maycomb lawyer, and he appears to be descended from an old local family. Hes well-known in the community, and he appears to be well respected and liked. However, his decision to defend Tom Robinson against the false charges of rape lands him in a great deal of trouble. The Scottsboro Case, a legal court case involving nine black accused and convicted under extremely dubious evidence, occurred in 1931when Harper Lee was five-years-old. This case is also an inspiration for the novel.

Should Campus security be allowed to search students for drugs or Essay

Should Campus security be allowed to search students for drugs or weapons - Essay Example Because today the exposure to media and violence is so high that it can affect the young minds negatively. This stigma can be avoided if the schools and colleges help to eradicate such evils because training begins at educational institutions. For this purpose and many other some campuses have started searching students for drugs and weapons so that students who are used to such habits can be punished severely for bringing in such stuff (so that they never repeat the mistake again) but the question that is being discussed here is that should the campus security be allowed to carry out searches? If schools experience high level of violence and drug use then school officials may wish to consider adopting search policies that permit under certain circumstances to screen students and search school property for drugs and weapons. There is definitely no harm in doing it since a school is conducting it for the safety of its students and to make them better people who can serve the nation. Violence at school often involves the use of weapons. Traditionally, weapons prohibited on school grounds are firearms and explosives, but recently, many states have widened these guidelines. For example, in Kansas, weapons include firearms, explosive devices, bludgeons, metal knuckles, throwing stars, electronic stun guns, specific types of knives (such as switchblades and butterfly knives), and any weapon that "expels a projectile by the action of an explosive. For example if your child comes back from school and tells you about an incident where his/her friend pointed a knife at him/her during a common fight, would you feel okay? Obviously not! And these kind of situations have become so common now a days that school authorities are left with no option but to conduct security checks since if anything happens on school grounds it comes under the responsibility of the concerned authority, and in such cases parents are the first ones to come up and blame the schools. Sometimes